Introduction Frozen shoulder is an initially inflammatory condition where the shoulder joint appears to become restricted, making it hard to move through full ranges of movement. These limitations are often accompanied by pain at first. The shoulder joint is supported by a strong lining called a joint capsule, which helps to keep the joint […]
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Introduction The shoulder is a ball-and-socket joint, where the head of the humerus (upper arm bone) and glenoid (socket) of the scapula (shoulder blade) join together. It is kept in place by groups of ligaments and muscles for stability. The shoulder joint has good mobility in all directions, but this makes the joint vulnerable to instability issues. Shoulder instability arises when the tissues […]
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Introduction The rotator cuff consists of 4 muscles (Fig. 1) that come from the shoulder blade to cross over the humerus (upper arm bone) via their tendons (rope-like structures that attach muscles to bone). These muscles help stabilize and align the shoulder joint during movement. If either of the muscles or its tendon is stressed or […]
Read MoreBursa is a thin, lubricated cushion wedged between two surfaces to prevent friction between bone and surrounding soft tissues. The bursa sac is surrounded by synovial membrane that consist of synovial fluid. This synovial membrane is semi-permeable, that allows temporary blood flow to the bursa when injury occurs. Bursitis occurs when the synovial membrane of […]
Read MoreRotator cuff disorder is a common cause of shoulder pain. The four rotator cuff muscles that act as stabilizers, which surround the shoulder joint are supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis and teres minor. These four muscles join together to form a large tendon called rotator cuff tendon. This tendon passes through the subacromial space. In order for […]
Read MoreShoulder impingement syndrome is a condition where the rotator cuff tendons are repeatedly being entrapped or pinched under the narrow subacromial space during shoulder movement. There are two causes for shoulder impingement: [1] Primary causes (Structural narrowing) Some people are in-born with narrow subacromial space Hence, they are more susceptible to impingement of the soft […]
Read MoreFrozen shoulder also known as adhesive capsulitis is a condition where the joint capsule becomes inflamed and subsequently thickens and becomes tight. As a result, the shoulder is painful on movement and limits shoulder range of motion actively as well as passively. It mainly affects the female population, age between 40-60 years old. It usually […]
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