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20 Apr

Physiotherapy 101 : Trigger Finger

Introduction Trigger finger is a condition where pain, locking, and popping sensations occur in the finger when attempting to bend and straighten. If it occurs in the thumb, it is called trigger thumb. The tendons (rope-like structures that attach muscles to bone) of our fingers normally glide smoothly through a small fibrous tunnel called the tendon sheath as you bend and straighten your […]

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01 Apr

Physiotherapy 101 : De Quervain’s Syndrome(Tenosynovitis)

Introduction  De Quervain’s syndrome is when the tendons (rope-like structures that attach muscles to bone) along the base of the thumb and side of the wrist become irritated or constricted. Reproduced from: Griffin LY (ed): Essentials of Musculoskeletal Care, 3rd Edition. Rosemont, IL. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 2005. This may result in inflammation, resulting in swelling, pain, and tenderness.  These symptoms […]

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23 Feb

Physiotherapy 101 : Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS)

Introduction Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a painful condition in the hand and occurs when the median nerve becomes compressed in an area of the wrist, known as the carpal tunnel. The carpal tunnel is a passageway between the wrist and the hand is about an inch wide.  The median nerve provides feeling to the thumb and all fingers except the pinky finger. It […]

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23 Feb

Physiotherapy 101 : Golfer’s Elbow

Introduction Golfer’s elbow or medial (inner) epicondylitis is a condition of inner elbow pain. It is similar to tennis elbow but occurs less frequently than tennis elbow. However, these two conditions are not limited to only golfers or tennis players. This condition is mainly caused by stress overload on the tendons of the forearm muscles which control the wrist. These tendons attach to the […]

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05 Feb

Physiotherapy 101 : Frozen Shoulder

Introduction Frozen shoulder is an initially inflammatory condition where the shoulder joint appears to become restricted, making it hard to move through full ranges of movement. These limitations are often accompanied by pain at first.   The shoulder joint is supported by a strong lining called a joint capsule, which helps to keep the joint […]

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05 Feb

Physiotherapy 101 : Rotator Cuff Injury

Introduction The rotator cuff consists of 4 muscles (Fig. 1) that come from the shoulder blade to cross over the humerus (upper arm bone) via their tendons (rope-like structures that attach muscles to bone). These muscles help stabilize and align the shoulder joint during movement. If either of the muscles or its tendon is stressed or […]

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15 Apr

Low back pain and sciatica: summary of NICE recommendations

The BMJ has published an infographic giving a brief overview of updated National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) recommendations for the assessment and management of low back pain and sciatica [1]. Accompanying a neat summary of the NICE recommendations, this infographic illustrates the pathway that a person with low back pain will undertake when […]

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07 Apr

Neck Pain: Whiplash Associated Disorder (WAD)

Whiplash and Whiplash Associated Disorder A whiplash injury is often caused by traumatic sports injuries, falls, or motor vehicle accidents, when a back-and-forth movement of the neck occurs forcefully and rapidly. It is defined as an acceleration-deceleration mechanism of energy transfer to the neck and head. [1] This high impact force may cause bony or […]

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07 Apr

Neurophysiology of pain

Pain is an emotional experience that everyone would encounter in life. Unlike parameters such as body temperature and heart rate, pain is an abstract concept that cannot be objectively measured; it is greatly influenced by factors such as age, gender, preexisting medical conditions, social and cultural norms (Strong et al, 2002, p. 4). For instance […]

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07 Apr

Temporomandibular Disorder (TMD)

It is a condition that causes pain in one’s jaw, especially during orofacial activities such as chewing, swallowing, speaking and facial expression. It is most commonly being characterized as dull aching, pulling pain or feeling of stiffness. TMD pain is more common in women than men, mainly due to female reproductive hormones – oestrogen. [1] […]

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